Internal-combustion engine.



H B. LAYMAN.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 30,1914.

1,176,299. Patented Mar. 21, 1916.

a? a C 5 INVENTOR WITNESSES. W5

fiebran B. Layman,

C M BY J A Trig/v UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HEBRON B. LAYMAN, OF NEW YORK, N.'Y.,

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

' tains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to explosion or internal combustion engines, and particularly to-engines of this class of the sleeve valve type,-and'theobject thereof is to improve the-construction of, and the method of assembling the partsof, engines of this class so asto f acilita te'the finishing and assembling of said parts and render the same more practical and economical without decreasing 2o in-any way t-heetticiency of said engines; a furtherobjectrbeing' to improve the water circulating system, whereby the temperature o'f the parts ofsaid engines as are apt to become overheated may be maintained at as low 'a. degree as possible; and with these and other-objects in-view the invention consists iIltli6 construction, combination and arrangement of parts hereinafter described and claimed.

"- My present improvement is applicable to engines of the class specified, comprising any desired numberot' units or cylinders, and said" in'vent-ionvis fully disclosed in the followinfw specification. of which the accompanying drawing forms a part, in which the separate parts of my improvement are desig- [Tiliril by suitable reference characters in 'ot thc views, and in which 1 .is a central vertical section through one unit or cylinder of an engine involving my invention; and, Figs. 2 and 3 similar TieWS showing modifications.

"In carrying my invent-ion into effect the cylinder-a isprovided with an extension a forming an explosion head within which is the explosion chamber a and, in practice, said cylinder and its explosion head are formed integrally and are passed upwardly through the bottom of the mainoiitercasing or jacket b, and said' mainouter, casing or jacket isprOvided-with an inwardly directed member or members 6 and the cylinderc with an outwardly directed member or members' a which abut vagainst the-niembers Z2 The main outer casing or jacket ispro- Vided at the top thereof with an enlargement Specification of Letters Yatent.

Patented Mar. 21, 1916.

Application filed June 30, 1914. Serial No. 848,138.

5 within which are the inlet and exhaust manifolds b and b and said inlet and exhaust manifolds I) and b are provided with inlet and exhaust ports or passages b and b which communicate with the explosion chamber a The inlet and exhaust ports or passages b and 717 are controlled by a sleeve valve a mounted in an annular chamber 0 formed by an annular casing 0 the outer wall 0 of which is formed integrally with the casing or jacket I) and the inlet and exhaust manifolds b" and b and the inner wall 0" of which is formed integrally with the explosion head a of the cylinder or constitutes a part thereof.

, The cylinder and its explosion head and the outer casing or acket b, or the enlarged part 1) thereof, are provided with a detach able cap (I which extends the full length of the engine and applies to all the cylinders thereof, and within the outer casing or j acket b is a water passage or chamber 6 which also lll-i'lOSQS the manifolds I) and b and the outer side or wall of the valve chamber and member 9 provided with a threadedaperr,

ture g in which the spark plug, not shown, is secured. The water chamber or passage f is also in communication-with the capjl through ports or passages f and formed in the cap (I and in the top of the explosion head of the cylinder is a tubular or other chamber or recess h to receive the spark plug.

In the accompanyingdrawing, I have also shown a piston i within thecylinder it will be understood that thepiston forms no part of this invention. I have ,alsOnot shown the means for operating the waived but it will be understood that any knownor suitable means may be employed forithis,

purpose. Inthe accompanying drawing, the explosion head a is also shown Of ap'prOxi mately the same transverse ,dimensions as the cylinder, but my invention is not limited the cooling water is admitted at the bottom, or near the bottom of the casing or jacket 5 through an inlet at 7', and said water passes upwardly between the outer casing or jacket 6 and the cylinder and both inside and outside of the valve chamber, or the walls thereof, and into the cap (1 from which it flows to the radiator in the usualmanner, and then back to the inlet 7', and there is a continuous upward flow of water both in side and outside of the valve casing, or on boththe inner and outer walls thereof and between the said valvecasing and the explosion chamber a or the walls-thereof. This method of construction in which the valve casing consists of separate parts formed in 1 connection with the explosion head and with the jacket or casing b facilitates the machining and finishing of the walls of the valve chamh er as will be readily understood, and the improvement whereby the cylinder and its explosion head is passed upwardly into the inclosinn jacket or casing also facilitates the assembling of the separate parts of the engine and renders the same more effective and economical.

In Fig. 2 of the accompanying drawing, the outer casing or jacket 6. the cap d and the inlet and exhaust manifolds and 5 together with the outer wall 0* of the valve chamber or casing and the valve 0 are all the same as in Fig. 1; In this construction. however, the explosion chamber a is enlarged transversely and extends only just above the inlet and exhaust ports or passages b and Z) of the manifolds Z) and b and the bottom of the chamber or recess it into which the spark plug is passed extends downwardly below the inlet and exhaust ports or passages b and b into the explosion, chamber, and around the bottom walls h of said chamber or recess is a water chamber 7" which is in communication with the cap (I through the ports or passages F, the same as in Fig 1, but the water chamber 1" is not in communication with thewater' chamber or passage e which incloses the cylinder and its explosion head. but the inner wall 0 of the valve chamber inthis construction. is formed. 3

integrally with the explosion head as in Fig. 1, and the cylinder a with its explosion head.

'is passed upwardly through the outer casthereof, but the water fiowsiupwardly freely between the cylinder and the jacket 6 and around the'manifolds b and b and into thecap (2, and the water insaid cap is also free to How down into the chamber or passage f in the top portion of the explosion chamber and back up into said capfrom which it passes to the radiator. It will therefore be seen that the main difference between the construction shownin Figs. 1 and 2 is that the valve casing iswater-jacketedon both its inner and outer sides in Fig. 1, and the water flowsupwardly on both the inner and outer sides of the walls of saidva'lve casing, while in Fig. 2 there is an upward flow of water only on the outer side of the valve casing or chamber and water is free to flow downwardly from the cap (1 into the explosion head andwithin the top walls of the valve casing or chamber.

In the construction shown in Fig. 3, the

main outer casing or jacket 1) extends only to, or slightly above the top of the cylinder at, where it connects with the valve casing 0 the outer wall of which is formed integrally therewith. as shown in Figs. 1- and 2, and the inner wall 0" of which is formed integrally with j the explosion head of the cylinder. In this form of construction, the explosion chamber a? is approximately similar to that shown in Fig. 1. and there is a water chaniber or passage f between the explosion chamber or the walls thereof, and the inner wall of the valve chamber or casing, and said water chamber or passage f is in. communication with the main chamber or passage e at the bottom of the valve chamber or casing as shown at f and the same as in Fig. 1, and said water chamber or passage f is in communication with the cap (1 through the ports or passages f as in Fig. 1. Nith this construction the valve chamber or casing is not water-jacketed on its outer side and on the inner-side of the valve chamber or casing. p

In all the forms otconstruction shown, the valve caslng and valve 1s entirely above,

or beyond the limit of themovement of; the

piston. but this is not absolutely necessary,

and changes in and modifications of this feature of construction as Well as others herein shown and described may be made, within the scope of the appended claims, without departing from the spirit of my invention or sacrificing its advantages.

Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent. is

1. In an explosion engine, a cylinder hav ing an extension forming an explosion head containing an explosion chamber. said cylinder being inclosed by a main outer casing or jacket provided at the top thereof with a cylindrical supplemental casing with which the inlet and exhaust manifolds are connected and into which the explosion head of the cylinder is insertible from the bottom thereof. said explosion head and said supplemental casing forming an annular valve casing. adapted to receive a sleeve valve which controls the inlet and exhaust ports of the explosion head, and said main outer casing or jacket being enlarged at the top thereof to inclose; the inlet and exhaust manifolds and the valvetcasing and to form a main water chamber or passage inclosing said parts. and said explosion head being provided within the valve casing with a supplemental water chamber or passage in communication with the main water chamber or passage below the valve casing. and said main water chamber or passage and supplemental water chamber or passage being provided with outlets at the top of the engine.

2. In an explosion engine. a cylinder having an extension forming an explosion head containing an explosion chamber. said cylinder being inclosed by a main outer casing or jacket provided at the top thereof with a cylindrical supplemental casing with which the inlet and exhaust manifolds are connected and into which the explosion head of the cylinder is insertible from the bottom thereof. said explosion head and said supplemental casing forming an annular valve casing adapted to receive a sleeve valve which controls the inlet and exhaust ports of the explosion head. and said main outer casing or jacket being enlarged at the top thereof to inclose the inlet and exhaust manifolds and the valve casing and to form a main water chamber or passage inclosing said parts. and said explosion head being provided with the valve casing with a sup plemental water chamber or passage in communication with the main water chamber or passage below the valve casino". said main water chamber or passage and supplemental water chamber or passage being provided with outlets at the top of the engine. and said engine being also provided at the top thereof with a detachable cap with which said outlets communicate.

3. In an explosion engine. a cylinder provided with an integral extension forming an explosion head containing an explosion chamber. and a main outer casing or jacket inclosing the cylinder and the explosion head and provided with a supplemental casingwith which the inlet and exhaust manifolds are connected and into which said explosion head is adapted to be inserted from the bottom thereof and which forms in connection with said explosion head an annular valve casing adapted to receive a sleeve valve which controls the inlet and exhaust orts. and said explosion head being provided around the explosion chamber and inwardly of the valve casing with a water chamber or passage in communication below the valve casing with a main water chamber or passage which incloses the cylinder and manifolds. and said engine being also-provided with a detachable cap with which said water chambers or passages are in commie nication.

4. In an internal combustion engine. a main outer casing or jacket. a cylinder iuserted thereinto and forming in connection therewith a mainwater chamber or passage. said cylinder being'extended to form an explosion head. and said main outer casing or jacket being provided with an extension with which the manifolds are connected and which forms in connection with said head a sleeve valve chamler which incloses said head. and said head being prov (led inwardly of the sleeve valve chambe: with a supplemental water chamber or passage which is in communication with the main water chamber or passage below s: id valve chamber.

In an internal combustion engine. a main outer casing or jacket. a cylinder inserted thereinto and forming in connection therewith a main water chamber or passage which incloses said cylinder.-said cylinder being extended to form an explosion head. and said main outer casing or jacket being extended to inclose said head and a sleeve valve chamber inclosing said head and formed partly thereb and partly by the main outer casing or jacket.

6. In an internal combustion engine. a main outer casing or jacket. a cylinder inserted thereinto and forming in connection therewithv a main water chamber or passage which incloses said cylinder. said cvlinder being provided with an extension forming an explosion head. and said main outer casing or jacket being provided with an extension with which the inlet and exhaust manifolds are connected and which forms in connection with said head a sleeve valve chamber and a detachable cap placed on said head and the extension of the main outer casing or jacket. said explosion bead being also provided with a supplemental water chamber or passage which is in communication with the main water chamber or passage and which is also in communication with the detachable cap.

7. In an internal combustion engine. an outer casing. a cylinder inserted thercinto and forming in connection therewith a main water chamber or passage. said cylindc' having an explosion head. a sleeve chamber between and formed by said ca. and said head, and said head being prov inwardly of the sleeve valve chamber with a: supplemental water chamber or'passagc which is in communication with-the main Water chamber or passage below said valve chamber.

8. In an internal combustion engine, amain outer casing, a cylinder inserted thereiilto, and provided with an explosion head, a water chamber formed by the outer casing and the cylinder, and a sleeve valve chamber ,formed by and betweenthe explosion head End the casing, said head being provided inwardly of the sleeve valve chamber with a water chamber or passage.

9. In' an internal combustion engine. a main outer casing, inclosing the intake mam i-fold, a cylinder inserted thereinto and pro- ,vided with an explosion head, a water chamher formed by and between the said casing and cylinder, and a sleeve valve chamber formed by and between the explosion head kid the casing.

10. In an internal combustion engine, a

main outer casing, inclosing the exhaust manifold, a cylinder inserted thereinto and provided with an explosion head, a water chamber formed by and between the said casing and cylinder, and a sleeve valve chamber formed by and between the. explosion head and the casing.

11. In an internal combustion engine, a main outer casing, inclosing the intake and exhaust manifolds, a cylinder inserted thereinto and provided with an explosion head, a water chamber formed by and between the said casing and cylinder, and a sleeve valv'e chamber formed by and between the explosic-n head and the casing.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed my name in presence of the subscribing witnesses this th day of June 1914.

HEBRON B. LAYMAN.

\Vitnesses:

C. MULREANY, H. E. THOMPSON. 

